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AN INVESTIGATION OF CONSOLIDANTS PENETRATION IN WOOD
Part 1: General Methodology and Microscopy
Maria Cristina TIMAR
Prof. dr. eng. - Universitatea Transilvania din
Brasov - Facultatea de Ingineria Lemnului
Address: B-dul Eroilor nr.29, 500036 Brasov Romania
Tel/Fax: 0040 268 415315.
E-mail:
cristinatimar@unitbv.ro
Adriana TUDUCE TRAISTARUI
Drd. eng.- Universitatea Transilvania din Brasov
- Facultatea de Ingineria Lemnului
E-mail: adrianatuduce@gmail.com
Mihaela POROJAN
Lect. dr.eng.- Universitatea Transilvania din
Brasov - Facultatea de Ingineria Lemnului
E-mail: mporojan@unitbv.ro
Lidia GURAU
Assist.Prof.dr.eng.- Universitatea Transilvania
din Brasov - Facultatea de Ingineria Lemnului
E-mail: lidiagurau@unitbv.ro
Abstract: Consolidation
of degraded and frail wood by impregnation with
synthetic and natural polymeric compounds in solution
is one of the most important operations of active
conservation of wooden cultural heritage. The
effectiveness of such a treatment depends essentially
on the consolidant retention, penetration and
uniformity of distribution, aspects that could
be cumulated in the term of impregnation level
and practically influenced by many and various
factors.
The purpose of this work was to look at some practical
possibilities of characterising the impregnation
level achieved in some consolidation treatments
with different solutions of a frequently employed
synthetic polymer (Paraloid B72) and waxes (beeswax
and modified paraffins as melts or in combination
with linseed oil) using a simple optical microscopy
technique in conjunction with an original method
of samples preparation. For this purpose were
used small samples of sound, not degraded spruce
(Picea abies Mill), which were impregnated by
short time immersion. The examination in transmitted
light (TLM) of the cross-cut micro sections and
in reflected light (RLM) of the wooden blocks
allowed the visualisation of the consolidation
products and their distribution in the wood structure,
but this was easier for the consolidants with
high solids content (waxes), which partly filled
the lumens, and much more difficult and relative
in the case of the diluted Paraloid solutions
which did not fill the lumens but only impart
a very shiny, highly reflective aspect of the
treated areas.
In order to objectively appreciate the retention
and penetration of consolidants into wood the
method using ImageJ, a useful image processing
software, was used to process the micrographs
so that some quantitative estimations of the variation
of the impregnation level with the penetration
depth were obtained.
Key words: wood consolidation,
penetration, optical microscopy, synthetic polymers,
waxes, Image J (micrographs processing).
[Full text - pdf]
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